I believe I was able to achieve what you needed:
http://jsfiddle.net/marquizzo/nfaLovpk/
The trick is in renderer.clearDepth();
between each render pass with renderer.autoClear = false;
:
renderer.autoClear = false;
obj.layers.set(0);
objBack.layers.set(1);
function render(){
requestAnimationFrame(render);
renderer.clear();
camera.layers.set(1);
composer.render();
renderer.clearDepth();
camera.layers.set(0);
renderer.render(scene, camera);
}