If you take a closer look at the original example, you can see that in simplified way it works like this:
const startAnimationLoop = () => {
scene.traverse( darkenNonBloomed );
bloomComposer.render();
scene.traverse( restoreMaterial );
finalComposer.render();
requestAnimationFrame(startAnimationLoop)
}
Means you have to make non-bloomed objects totally black (and make the background black too), then render the scene with bloom composer, then restore all the materials (and restore the background too), then render the scene with final composer.
Take a look at these topics for reference: Instancing + selective bloom and Totentanz (Selective Bloom)
Pay attention to the replies from @looeee in the second topic.