beside scene.backround i must provide an own custom background cube. For this I need to transform equirectangular map to cubemap. I tried using WebGLCubeRenderTarget.fromEquirectangularTexture like in WebGLCubeMaps. Due to my viewers class structure it is very hard to provide the main renderer at the point i need to call fromEquirectangularTexture. Is it possible to use a second temporary renderer for this ? Currently the generated CubeTexture seems to be just black
No. A second renderer means a second WebGL renderering context. And it is not possible to share resources between multiple contexts. That is a WebGL limitation.
The resource in your case is a render target (or framebuffer).