I had the same problem when loading .obj files via a loader
the reason is that you have to enable/allow loading of files from javascript in WKWebview. See this post on github:
This allows the loading using XMLHttpRequest (wich three.js is using in the background to load resources)
webView.configuration.preferences.setValue(true, forKey: "allowFileAccessFromFileURLs")
webView.configuration.setValue(true, forKey: "allowUniversalAccessFromFileURLs")
source: